H3T11phos

H3T11phos Recombinant Nucleosome, Biotinylated

$575.00
SKU: 16-0406
Pack Size: 50 μg
  • Species:  Human
  • Source:  E. coli & synthetic DNA
  • Tag:  Biotinylated
  • Molecular Weight:  199,806 Da

Description

Histone phosphorylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) wherein a phosphate group is added to a histone protein, predominantly occurring on serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues. In combination with other PTMs, histone phosphorylation constitutes the “histone code,” acting as a language read by proteins to regulate chromatin structure and gene expression. Histone phosphorylation is involved in chromatin remodeling and compaction associated with diverse cellular processes, including DNA damage repair, transcription regulation, cell division, and apoptosis [1]. Recombinant mononucleosomes containing phosphorylated histones can be used to study the biological functions of histone phosphorylation.

H3T11phos (histone H3 threonine 11 phosphorylation) Recombinant Nucleosome, Biotinylated consists of 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped around an octamer of core histone proteins (two each of H2A, H2B, H3.2, and H4) to form a nucleosome, the basic repeating unit of chromatin. The 147 bp 601 sequence, identified by Lowary and Widom [2], has high affinity for histone octamers and is useful for nucleosome assembly. The DNA contains a 5’ biotin-TEG group. H3T11phos nucleosome contains phosphorylated threonine at position 11 on histone H3.2 and a Cys to Ala substitution at position 110. H3T11phos is associated with several transcription regulation mechanisms, such as H3 methylation in response to androgen stimulation and H3 acetylation for transcription activation. Phosphorylation of H3T11 in combination with H3 acetylation has been linked to transcription reduction and cell cycle arrest in DNA damage response processes [1].

Validation Data

Figure 1: Western blot data
Western Analysis of H3T11phos nucleosome. Top Panel: Unmodified (EpiCypher 16-0006; Lane 1) and H3T11phos (Lane 2) nucleosomes were probed with an anti-H3T11phos antibody and analyzed via enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) readout. Only the H3T11phos sample produced a detectable signal. Bottom Panel: Detail from Coomassie stained gel showing unmodified (Lane 1) and H3T11phos (Lane 2) nucleosomes.

Figure 2: Mass spec data
Synthetic H3T11phos histone analyzed by high resolution mass spectrometry. Expected mass = 15,304.8 Da. Determined mass = 15,305.13 Da.

Figure 3: Protein gel data
Coomassie stained PAGE gel of proteins in H3T11phos nucleosome (1 µg) demonstrates the purity of histones in the preparation. Sizes of molecular weight markers and positions of the core histones (H2A, H2B, H3T11phos, and H4) are indicated.

Figure 4: DNA gel data
H3T11phos nucleosome resolved via native PAGE and stained with ethidium bromide to visualize DNA. Both lanes are from the same gel. Lane 1: Free DNA (EpiCypher 18-0005; 100 ng). Lane 2: Intact H3T11phos nucleosomes (400 ng).

Technical Information

Storage
Stable for six months at -80°C from date of receipt. For best results, aliquot and avoid freeze/thaws.
Formulation
10 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 25 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 2 mM DTT, 20% glycerol (27.2 µg protein, 50 µg DNA + protein).

Application Notes

H3T11phos mononucleosome is highly purified and suitable for a variety of applications, including use as a substrate in enzyme assays, high-throughput screening and inhibitor testing, chromatin binding studies, protein-protein interaction assays, structural studies, and in effector protein binding experiments. For a corresponding unmodified control, we recommend EpiCypher 16-0006.

Gene & Protein Information

UniProt ID
H2A - P04908 (alt. names: H2A type 1-B/E, H2A.2, H2A/a, H2A/m)
H2B - O60814 (alt. names: H2B K, HIRA-interacting protein 1)
H3.2 - Q71DI3
H4 - P62805

References

Background References:
[1] Rossetto et al. Epigenetics (2012). PMID: 22948226
[2] Lowary and Widom J. Mol. Biol. (1998). PMID: 9514715

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