dCypher

dCypher™ Nucleosome Full Panel

$1,795.00
SKU: 16-9001

Description

Understanding epigenetic reader proteins and their binding preference for post-translational modifications (PTMs) is key to unveiling how these proteins regulate genome processes and how their dysregulation may be contributing to disease. The dCypher™ Nucleosome Panel enables access to epigenetic diversity in a physiologically relevant context, the nucleosome, where chromatin reader activity can be accurately interrogated. The 96-well plate contains recombinant mononucleosomes as well as appropriate controls. Human histones expressed in E. coli bearing single and combinatorial histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) are wrapped by 147 or 199 base pair DNA with a 5’ biotin-TEG group and a central 601-positioning sequence, identified by Lowary and Widom [1].

All nucleosomes in the panel are subjected to EpiCypher’s rigorous quality control metrics, including: ESI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of the modified histones, SDS-PAGE to confirm octamer composition and purity, native PAGE to confirm nucleosome assembly, and western blot analysis of the PTM, histone mutation, or histone variant (if applicable). For the full list of nucleosomes in the panel, including individual catalog numbers of full-size (50 µg) products, see the Documents & Resources section for the associated Excel sheet.

Validation Data

Figure 1: dCypher nucleosome full panel plate layout and key

Figure 2: Chromatin reader binding data
GST-tagged HP1β (100 nM, EpiCypher 15-0074) was assayed with AlphaScreen (PerkinElmer) technology to measure binding to nucleosomes (x-axis) in the dCypher nucleosome Panel (10 nM). HP1β shows binding to the H3K9me3 and H3K9me2 dNucs, consistent with its reported binding preference [5].

Technical Information

Storage
Stable for six months at -80°C from date of receipt. Avoid freeze/thaws.
Formulation
The material included in this 96-well plate is provided at 1.5 µM in 5 µL of nucleosome storage buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 25 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 2 mM DTT*, & 20% glycerol). *dNucs containing crotonyl-lysine are stored in nucleosome storage buffer without DTT. MW = ~200,000 Da

Gene & Protein Information

Uniprot ID
H2A - P04908 (alt. names: H2A type 1-B/E, H2A.2, H2A/a, H2A/m)
H2B - O60814 (alt. names: H2B K, HIRA-interacting protein 1)
H3.1 - P68431 (alt. names: H3, H3/a, H3/b, H3/c, H3/d)
H3.2 - Q71DI3
H3.3 - P84243
H4 - P62805

Application Notes

Access to epigenetic diversity in the context of a physiological nucleosome enables broad end-user applications, including nucleosome binding studies (e.g. chromatin reader binding preferences [2-4] see Figure 2), enzyme screening assays (e.g. identification of preferred substrates), and antibody specificity testing (e.g. for applications where histone peptide specificity is an insufficient surrogate). The biotin group on the DNA facilitates a wide variety of applications involving streptavidin capture.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How many assay points of each nucleosome are supplied?
A: This varies according to the sensitivity of the end application. For some context, the supplied format is sufficient to perform >35 AlphaScreen assays, >30 IP-qPCR experiments, and 3-5 immunoblotting experiments.

Q: How do I store the plate? Can I dilute the nucleosomes?
A: The nucleosomes are stable for 6 months at -80ºC in the supplied format (1.5 µM). Freeze/thaw cycles should be limited (2-3 times). When diluted below 1.5 µM, a carrier protein (e.g. BSA) must be used to supplement the concentration, otherwise, stability is affected. For example, in our SNAP-ChIP product line, nucleosomes are diluted to 0.6 nM in 10 mM sodium cacodylate pH 7.5, 100 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 50% glycerol (w/v), 1x Protease Inhibitor cocktail, 100 μg/mL BSA, 10 mM β-mercaptoethanol. In this formulation, the nucleosomes are stable at -20ºC (where they do not freeze) for 6 months.

For applications that may not be compatible with the SNAP-ChIP buffer, such as AlphaScreen, EpiCypher routinely dilutes nucleosomes to 80 nM in assay buffer (20 mM Tris pH 7.5, 0.01% BSA, 0.01% NP-40, 2mM DTT). Under these conditions the nucleosomes are stable for ~2 weeks at -80°C.

*Note: extremely high amounts of salt (>650 mM) and ionic detergents (e.g. SDS) will disrupt nucleosome stability.

References

Background References:
[1] Lowary & Widom J. Mol. Biol. (1998). PMID: 9514715
[2] Weinberg et al. Nature (2019). PMID: 31485078
[3] Weinberg et al. Nat. Genet. (2021). PMID: 33986537
[4] Dilworth et al. Nat. Chem. Biol (2022). PMID: 34782742
[5] Albanese et al. ACS Chem. Biol. (2020). PMID: 31634430

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